3. Margaret Naumburg

Margaret Naumburg (1890-1983) was an American psychologist, educator, and artist who made significant contributions to the field of art therapy. She developed a theory known as "psychodynamic art therapy," which integrated psychoanalytic principles with artistic expression.

According to Naumburg, through the act of creating art, individuals could tap into their unconscious minds, revealing hidden conflicts, desires, and emotions. The artwork itself served as a tangible representation of these inner experiences. Naumburg believed that by exploring and reflecting on the art, both the artist and the therapist could gain insights into the artist's inner world.